5.Shamel Medrano — Direct/Cross
325 linesDIRECT EXAMINATION BY MS. SASSOON:
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, where do you work?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I work for the U.S. Attorney's Office in the Southern District of New York.
MS. SASSOON: What is your title at the U.S. Attorney's Office?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I am an investigative analyst.
MS. SASSOON: What are some of your job responsibilities as an investigative analyst?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I assist Assistant United States Attorneys and special agents during the course of their investigations.
MS. SASSOON: What type of things do you do to assist?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I do social media analysis, I do forensic analysis for phones, I review business records. Varies on the nature of the case.
MS. SASSOON: Are you familiar with Twitter?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, I am.
MS. SASSOON: And do any of your job responsibilities involve Twitter?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: What is Twitter?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Twitter is a social media platform.
MS. SASSOON: And with respect to this case, have you reviewed certain tweets provided to you by prosecutors in this case?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, I have.
MS. SASSOON: What is a tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: A tweet is basically a post on Twitter. It's a way for a user on Twitter to interact with other users.
MS. SASSOON: And have you reviewed certain Twitter direct messages provided to you by prosecutors in this case?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, I have.
MS. SASSOON: What are Twitter direct messages?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Direct messages are private messages between multiple parties, one or more party.
MS. SASSOON: And is that on Twitter?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, it is, it's on Twitter.
MS. SASSOON: And apart from your review of certain tweets and direct messages, did the prosecutors provide you any other documents?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes. They provided me, I believe, business records.
MS. SASSOON: Apart from that, what role, if any, did you have in this case?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Initially, I loaded some Twitter search warrant returns into one of our investigative databases, and I also created some maps. Other than that, nothing else.
MS. SASSOON: At this time, pursuant to stipulation 2001 between the parties, the government offers Government Exhibits 770, 783, 788, 794, 796, 803A through D, 823, 853, 861, 865, 870, and 881.
MR. EVERDELL: Subject to your Honor's prior ruling.
JUDGE KAPLAN: I am just trying to catch up with you.
MS. SASSOON: I'll try not to read the list four more times, your Honor.
JUDGE KAPLAN: We all appreciate that.
They are all received.
(Government Exhibits 770, 783, 788, 794, 796, 803A-D, 823, 853, 861, 865, 870, and 881 received in evidence)
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco can you publish Government Exhibit 823.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, is this a tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, it is.
MS. SASSOON: And do you see at the top it says: @FTX official has closed 900M at a valuation of 18B?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: Do you say how @FTX official is in blue, as are a number of other names beneath it: @Sequoia, @Paradigm, @Ribbit.
Do you see that?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: What is the significance of the at names that are in blue?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: The at is a mention, sort of a tag, so it's notifying these other users of this activity that is taking place on the platform.
MS. SASSOON: Were those other user names on Twitter?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Correct, other user names on Twitter.
MS. SASSOON: Do you see at the bottom where it says: 77 reposts, 70 quotes, 906 likes, 32 bookmarks?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: What is a repost?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: A repost is when a Twitter user reposts an actual post that is in front of us, so 77 other Twitter users reposted this tweet.
MS. SASSOON: What are likes?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Likes are users who have liked a tweet or post.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, if you could now publish Government Exhibit 853.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, do you see where it says @SBF FTX at the bottom. FTX's venture investing is concentrated under FTX's ventures. That's different from Alameda's ventures.
What's the date of that tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: August 25, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, if you could pull up Government Exhibit 871, the third page.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, do you see where it says FTX ventures and @SBF FTX are acquiring a stake in @Skybridge?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: Who posted this tweet originally?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: @Scaramucci.
MS. SASSOON: What is the user name associated with that account?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Anthony Scaramucci.
MS. SASSOON: You see above that there is a symbol and it says SBF retweeted. What does that mean?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: SBF -- this means that the SBF account retweeted this post, so he took it, which was originally on Anthony Scaramucci's account. He reposted it on his account.
MS. SASSOON: And when somebody retweets a tweet, where does it appear, if anywhere?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It appears on both now, the user who originally posted it and whoever retweeted it or reposted it on their account.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, if you could pull up next to this retweet Government Exhibit 201, which is already in evidence.
MS. SASSOON: I want to direct your attention to the top where it says: The subscription agreement by and between Skybridge Capital and Alameda Research Ventures LLC.
What's the date in that paragraph?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It is September 7, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
At this time the government offers four exhibits, pursuant to stipulation 2003, and that's Government Exhibit 80, which is a document titled name change, Clifton Bay Investments LLC, dated September 8, 2022; Government Exhibit 84, which is a document titled written resolutions of the director's change of company name, dated September 25, 2022; Government Exhibit 86 titled updated certificate of incorporation Clifton Bay Investments, dated October 6, 2022; and Government Exhibit 192 titled Alameda Research Investments LTD, dated September 12, 2022.
JUDGE KAPLAN: They are received.
(Government Exhibits 80, 84, 86, and 192 received in evidence)
MS. SASSOON: Your Honor, may I briefly publish each of them?
JUDGE KAPLAN: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, if we can publish Government Exhibit 80.
Mr. Bianco, can you just highlight where it says Alameda Research Ventures LLC changing its name to Clifton Bay Investments.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, what's the date on this document?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: September 8, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: If we can now pull up Government Exhibit 84.
Mr. Bianco, can you highlight where it says resolved that the name of the company be changed from Alameda Ventures LTD to MacLaurin Investments.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, what's the date on this document?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: September 23, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco can you zoom in on the signature, Samuel Bankman-Fried.
We can take this down.
Mr. Bianco, if you can publish Government Exhibit 86.
Can you please highlight where it says Alameda Research Ventures LTD has changed its name to Clifton Bay Investments LTD.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, what's the date on this document?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: September 22, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: Finally, if we could publish Government Exhibit 192, Mr. Bianco.
Can you please highlight where it says the company intended to change its name from Alameda Research Investments LTD to Goodman Investments LTD.
MS. SASSOON: What is the date on this document, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: September 12, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, if you could zoom in on the signature block of Sam Bankman-Fried.
We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, can you now publish Government Exhibit 783.
If you could zoom in on the top messages.
MS. SASSOON: What type of document are we looking at here, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: These are Twitter direct messages.
MS. SASSOON: And this particular Twitter direct message, who is it between?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: This is between Cosmo and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: What is the date of the messages by the defendant that says LOL and the messages following that?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: May 20, 2021.
MS. SASSOON: You can take that down.
Pursuant to Government Exhibit 2003, the government offers Government Exhibit 267, which the parties have stipulated is a document called Silvergate initial due diligence questionnaire for traders, which was an attachment to setting up new accounts for Silvergate under Alameda Research LLC.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Received.
(Government Exhibit 267 received in evidence)
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, can you publish this document.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, can you please read the entity name at the top of this initial due diligence questionnaire.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: North Dimensions Inc.
MS. SASSOON: And in box number 1 that says description of business, what boxes are checked?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Proprietary trading firm and over-the-counter trading firm.
MS. SASSOON: Let's go to the third page of this initial due diligence questionnaire.
MS. SASSOON: Who signed this, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Samuel Bankman-Fried.
MS. SASSOON: What's the date of this questionnaire signed by Sam Bankman-Fried?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: December 9, 2020.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, can you please publish Government Exhibit 788.
MS. SASSOON: What type of document is this, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: This is a Twitter direct message.
MS. SASSOON: And who is it between?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Matty Sino and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: Do you see at the top where SBF sent a message: We bought out Binance's stake in FTX. What's the date of that message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: July 19, 2021.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, can you publish Government Exhibit 770.
MS. SASSOON: Who posted this tweet, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: The original tweet was posted by the FTX underscore official account.
MS. SASSOON: And then what about on top of that? What is that?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Shaq posted.
MS. SASSOON: Who is Shaq?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: He's a former basketball player.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, can you show the witness what's been marked as Government Exhibit 1476.
MS. SASSOON: Do you recognize anyone in this photo?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: Who?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Shaquille O'Neal.
MS. SASSOON: Anyone else?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes. And Sam Bankman-Fried.
MS. SASSOON: The government offers Government Exhibit 1476.
MR. EVERDELL: No objection.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Received.
(Government Exhibit 1476 received in evidence)
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, you can now publish this to the jury.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, can you point out the people you recognize in this photo.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: In the center, the tallest man is Shaquille O'Neal, and to the left of him is SBF.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, can you please publish Government Exhibit 794.
MS. SASSOON: What type of document is this, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It's a Twitter direct message.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read at the top who these messages are between?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It's Matt Ballensweig and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: What's the date of the first message from Matt Ballensweig saying what a good partner Alameda has been to Genesis?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: June 19, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: We can zoom out.
Mr. Bianco can you zoom in where it says: Hit me in five with a phone number.
MS. SASSOON: What's the date of that message from Matt Ballensweig, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: June 20, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, if you can now publish Government Exhibit 870 and zoom in at the top, the first tweet.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, can you remind us what it means when there is blue font where it says @Senator Stabenow and @John Boozman?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It's a mention of these other Twitter accounts.
MS. SASSOON: And beneath that is there something embedded in the tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes. A web address, a link.
MS. SASSOON: And what's the web address that's embedded in the tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Agriculture.senate.gov.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, you can zoom out and if you can please publish next to this exhibit Government Exhibit 796.
MS. SASSOON: What type of document is this, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: This is a Twitter direct message.
MS. SASSOON: Who is it between?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Frank Chaparro and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: Do you see where Frank Chaparro wrote: What do you mean by not pushing against the community strategy? Like will you stop lobbying for the Stabenow/Boozman bill if crypto Twitter tells you to stop.
What's the date of that message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: October 29, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Bianco, can you zoom in on the responses from the defendant.
MS. SASSOON: What is the date of Sam Bankman-Fried's responses in this direct message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: October 29, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, if you could now publish Government Exhibit 863 and publish alongside it Government Exhibit 861.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, what are the dates of the defendant's tweets on the left?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 6, 2022.
(Continued on next page)
BY MS. SASSOON:
MS. SASSOON: And I want to direct your attention to the exhibit on the right, Government Exhibit 861. What's the date of this tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 6.
MS. SASSOON: And who posted this tweet on the right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Based Carbon.
MS. SASSOON: And do you see where it says "Replying to @SBF_FTX"? What does that mean?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That account is replying to a tweet that was originally posted on the SBF account.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read that tweet.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Thanks Sam. I just deposited more money in my FTX account and updated my browser. Ready to go."
MS. SASSOON: And above that, do you see where it says SBF and Likes? What is signified by that?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: In this one, it signifies that SBF liked this tweet.
MS. SASSOON: And if we could take down 861 and put up in its place on the right Government Exhibit 865.
MS. SASSOON: Who posted this tweet originally?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: This treat was originally posted by Crypto_Bitlord7.
MS. SASSOON: What's the date of this tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 6.
MS. SASSOON: And right beneath that, what is signified by replying to @SBF_FTX?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Signifies that Crypto_Bitlord is replying to a tweet that was originally on the SBF_FTX account.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read the first two lines beneath that.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes. "Thank you for clearing this up Sam. It sounds like our funds are safe? But what exactly is CZ talking about!?"
MS. SASSOON: And what is signified at the top here where it says "SBF Likes"?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: It's that SBF liked this tweet.
MS. SASSOON: Okay. We can take that down.
And Mr. Bianco, if you could publish Government Exhibit 866. And zoom in.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, it's a little faint, but what's the date on this tweet?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I believe November 7, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: And now I'm going to read from a stipulation between the parties, Government Exhibit 2001, paragraph 4, which says that:
"The exhibits set forth in Attachment B of this stipulation are for authentic copies of tweets and retweets posted at the dates and times indicated on the exhibits but which were later deleted at the dates and times listed in Attachment B."
And Mr. Bianco, can you please pull up page 9 of Government Exhibit 2001, the stipulation.
BY MS. SASSOON:
MS. SASSOON: And Mr. Medrano, what does it say here under Attachment B, in the parenthetical?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Beneath it?
MS. SASSOON: Yes.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Oh, "Deleted Tweets."
MS. SASSOON: And under Government Exhibit 866, what have the parties stipulated was the date and time of deletion of Government Exhibit 866?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 8, 2022, at 5:37 p.m.
MS. SASSOON: We can take that down.
Mr. Bianco, can you please publish Government Exhibit 803A. And can you zoom in on the upper half of this exchange.
MS. SASSOON: So what are we looking at here, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Twitter direct messages.
MS. SASSOON: And who are the participants in these direct messages?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: And at the top, where it says, "I was just relistening to that conversation we had this summer about whether you should do unethical shit for the greater good." Who sent that message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And what was the date of her message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 16, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: And where it says, "You were like nah, don't do unethical shit, like if you're running Philip Morris no one's going to want to work with you on philanthropy," who sent that message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And what was the response?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Heh."
MS. SASSOON: Looking toward the bottom of what's been zoomed in here, do you see where Kelsey Tuoc wrote, "I was trying to figure out like if that was kind of the PR off-the-cuff answer." What was the date of that message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 16, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read the response from SBF.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Man all the dumb shit I said. It's not true, not really."
MS. SASSOON: And Mr. Bianco, if you could scroll down. Keep scrolling down.
MS. SASSOON: And Mr. Medrano, can you please read the last two messages here.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "I feel bad for those who get fucked by it. By this dumb game we woke westerners play where we say all the right shibboleths and so everyone likes us."
MS. SASSOON: Okay. We can take that down.
And Mr. Bianco, if you could publish Government Exhibit 803B.
MS. SASSOON: And what is this?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Direct message on Twitter.
MS. SASSOON: And so just to be clear, are these public?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: They are not.
MS. SASSOON: And who is a party to seeing what's viewed in a direct message?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: The parties that are in the direct message, so in this scenario, it's Kelsey Tuoc and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: And who wrote "Gary and Nishad are gone," on November 16, 2022?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And what did the defendant respond?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Yeah, scared. Or Gary is scared, Nishad is ashamed and guilty."
MS. SASSOON: And who wrote "ashamed and guilty because all the customer deposits are gone"?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And what did SBF respond?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Yea."
MS. SASSOON: Who wrote, "people I've talked to have said Nishad was much more into the ethics/not being sketchy stuff than you were"?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read SBF's response.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Yea. It hit him hard. I mean it hit all of us hard. But it hit him HARD."
MS. SASSOON: And Mr. Bianco, you can take that down.
And can you please publish Government Exhibit 803C.
MS. SASSOON: Mr. Medrano, are these also direct messages?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MS. SASSOON: And who are the participants here?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: Who wrote, "you said a lot of stuff about how you wanted to make regulations, just good ones, was that pretty much just PR too??"
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc.
MS. SASSOON: And can you read the defendant's response on November 16, 2022.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "There's no one really out there making sure good things happen and bad things don't. Usually there's only one toggle—–do more or do less. Yeah, just PR. Fuck regulators."
MS. SASSOON: Okay. We can take that down.
And Mr. Bianco, can you publish Government Exhibit 803D.
MS. SASSOON: And who are the participants in these direct messages?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey Tuoc and SBF.
MS. SASSOON: And what's the date of the defendant's message saying "didn't mean those to all be on the record. Could you take it down?"
SHAMEL MEDRANO: November 16, 2022.
MS. SASSOON: And Mr. Bianco, can you pull up alongside this Government Exhibit 881.
MS. SASSOON: What are we looking at here, Mr. Medrano?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Kelsey——the Kelsey Tuoc Twitter account.
MS. SASSOON: And is this publicly visible to Twitter users?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, it is.
MS. SASSOON: And underneath Kelsey Tuoc, can you read what it says in the next line?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: "Senior writer at VOX's Future Perfect. Kelsey.piper@vox.com.
MS. SASSOON: What is VOX?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I'm not sure.
MS. SASSOON: No further questions.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Thank you.
Cross-examination?
MR. EVERDELL: Thank you, your Honor.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Mr. Everdell.
MR. EVERDELL: Just briefly, your Honor.
CROSS EXAMINATION BY MR. EVERDELL:
MR. EVERDELL: Good afternoon, Mr. Medrano.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Good afternoon.
MR. EVERDELL: Mr. Medrano, you said that you were an investigator; is that right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, I'm an investigative analyst.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. And you work at the U.S. Attorney's Office, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That is correct.
MR. EVERDELL: And so you work at the same office as the prosecutors.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That is correct.
MR. EVERDELL: In your direct examination you were shown a number of messages, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes, the prosecutors showed me the messages.
MR. EVERDELL: Right. And they were messages between Mr. Bankman-Fried and other people, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Correct.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. And as you just said, the prosecutors gave you those messages to review before your testimony; is that right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That is correct.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. You didn't select these messages yourself, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I did not.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. So you don't know, for example, if there are other messages with the same people that my client may have had besides the ones you reviewed.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That is correct.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. Okay. Now you looked at I think a few Twitter direct messages; is that right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: That is right.
MR. EVERDELL: And we saw those on the screen before, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Right.
MR. EVERDELL: And they were with a number of different parties, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MR. EVERDELL: I think one was Cosmo, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MR. EVERDELL: Another was Matt Ballensweig?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MR. EVERDELL: And we just looked at some with Kelsey Tuoc, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Yes.
MR. EVERDELL: Now, Mr. Medrano, you don't know these people yourself, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I do not.
MR. EVERDELL: And you don't know yourself what the nature of Mr. Bankman-Fried's relationship was with the people on the messages, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I do not.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. You don't know whether he knew them well, for example?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: I do not know.
MR. EVERDELL: Or whether they were total strangers to him, right?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Correct.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. And you don't know, for example, the context that the conversation in the messages was happening in, correct?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Correct.
MR. EVERDELL: You don't know the events that may have happened before that conversation took place?
SHAMEL MEDRANO: No. I only know what I was seeing, correct.
MR. EVERDELL: You know what you saw.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Correct.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. And you don't know from reading the messages themselves what the tone of the conversation was.
MS. SASSOON: Objection.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Sustained.
MR. EVERDELL: Okay. One moment.
Nothing further, your Honor.
JUDGE KAPLAN: Thank you.
Anything else?
MS. SASSOON: No, your Honor.
JUDGE KAPLAN: You're excused, sir. Thank you.
(Witness excused)
JUDGE KAPLAN: Next witness?
(Witness sworn)
COURT CLERK: Please state your full name and spell it.
SHAMEL MEDRANO: Paige Owens. P-A-I-G-E, Owens, O-W-E-N-S.
COURT CLERK: You may be seated.
JUDGE KAPLAN: You may proceed, Mr. Rehn. PAIGE OWENS, called as a witness by the Government, having been duly sworn, testified as follows: